International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 9 (LEGACY G) RESISTANT GRAMILLA MANSA
(Cynodon hirsutus)

Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)

Argentina, Córdoba
INTRODUCTION GRAMILLA MANSA
Gramilla mansa (Cynodon hirsutus) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Argentina this weed first evolved resistance to Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides in 2008 and infests Corn (maize), and Soybean.   Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (Inhibition of EPSP synthase).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to glyphosate and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Jan 20, 2015 )

Common NameGramilla mansa
SpeciesCynodon hirsutus
GroupInhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
Herbicidesglyphosate
LocationArgentina, Córdoba
Year2008
Situation(s)Corn (maize), and Soybean
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Diego Ustarroz 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Gramilla mansa biotype with this Gramilla mansa biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 9 resistant Gramilla mansa have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 9 (Legacy G) resistant Gramilla mansa from Argentina please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

DIEGO USTARROZ
Research Associate
Inta
Sección Malezas
Ruta 9 Km 636 Manfredi
Córdoba Argentina.
Manfredi, 5688, Córdoba
Argentina
Email Diego Ustarroz

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Argentina have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Diego Ustarroz for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Gramilla mansa Globally
(Cynodon hirsutus)
Herbicide Resistant Gramilla mansa Globally
(Cynodon hirsutus)
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Herbicide Resistant Gramilla mansa Globally
(Cynodon hirsutus)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 ArgentinaArgentina 2008 Corn (maize), and Soybean glyphosate 48 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
 		276Cynodon hirsutusGramilla mansa5618
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Cite this site as: Heap, I.  The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds.  Online.  Internet.  Friday, November 22, 2024 .  Available  www.weedscience.org
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