International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
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Herbicide Resistant Rigid Ryegrass Globally
(Lolium rigidum)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Australia (Western Australia) 1982 Barley, Canola, and Wheat chlorsulfuron, diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim, and trifluralin Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
Dinitroanilines and others (K1/3)
2 Australia (South Australia) 1982 Barley, and Wheat chlorpropham, chlorsulfuron, clomazone, diclofop-methyl, ethalfluralin, fluazifop-P-butyl, imazapyr, metolachlor, metsulfuron-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim, triallate, triasulfuron, and trifluralin Multiple Resistance: 7 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
Triazoles, ureas, isoxazolidiones (F3/11)
Dinitroanilines and others (K1/3)
Mitosis inhibitors (K2/23)
Chloroacetamides and others (K3/15)
Thiocarbamates and others (N/8)
3 Australia (Western Australia) 1984 Barley, Cropland, and Wheat chlorsulfuron, and metsulfuron-methyl ALS inhibitors (B/2)
4 Australia (Western Australia) 1984 Cropland, and Pasture seed trifluralin Dinitroanilines and others (K1/3)
5 Australia (South Australia) 1984 Cropland metolachlor Chloroacetamides and others (K3/15)
6 Australia (Victoria) 1984 Barley, Pastures, and Wheat chlorsulfuron, diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, metsulfuron-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, sethoxydim, and trifluralin Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
Dinitroanilines and others (K1/3)
7 Australia (New South Wales ) 1985 Barley, Cropland, and Wheat chlorsulfuron, diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim, triasulfuron, and trifluralin Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
Dinitroanilines and others (K1/3)
8 Australia (Western Australia) 1988 Railways, and Roadsides amitrole Triazoles, ureas, isoxazolidiones (F3/11)
9 Australia (Western Australia) 1988 Cropland, Pasture seed, Railways, Roadsides, and Triazine-tolerant canola atrazine, and simazine Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)
10 Australia (South Australia) 1994 Cereals trifluralin Dinitroanilines and others (K1/3)
11 Australia (Victoria) 1996 Canola, Cereals, Fencelines, and Wheat glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
12 Australia (New South Wales ) 1997 Apples, Canola, Cereals, Fencelines, Roadsides, and Wheat glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
13 Australia (South Australia) 1999 Cereals, Fencelines, Grapes, and Roadsides glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
14 Australia (Victoria) 1999 Wheat chlorsulfuron, diclofop-methyl, glyphosate, and trifluralin Multiple Resistance: 4 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
Glycines (G/9)
Dinitroanilines and others (K1/3)
15 Australia (Western Australia) 2003 Cereals, Fencelines, Grapes, Railways, and Roadsides glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
16 Australia (South Australia) 2008 Grapes amitrole, and glyphosate Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Triazoles, ureas, isoxazolidiones (F3/11)
Glycines (G/9)
17 Australia (South Australia) 2010 Pasture seed clethodim, and paraquat Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
Bipyridiliums (D/22)
18 Australia (South Australia) 2010 glyphosate, and paraquat Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Bipyridiliums (D/22)
Glycines (G/9)
19 Chile1997 Canola, Cereals, Lupins, Spring wheat, and Winter wheat clethodim, clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, haloxyfop-methyl, sethoxydim, and tralkoxydim ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
20 Chile2003 Wheat clethodim, clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, flucarbazone-sodium, haloxyfop-methyl, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, pinoxaden, and tepraloxydim Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
21 France1993 Wheat diclofop-methyl ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
22 France2005 Asparagus, Grapes, and Orchards glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
23 France2006 Wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, and mesosulfuron-methyl ALS inhibitors (B/2)
24 Greece1997 Winter wheat diclofop-methyl ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
25 Iran2007 Winter wheat diclofop-methyl ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
26 Israel1979 Orchards, and Roadsides atrazine, and simazine Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)
27 Israel1998 Alfalfa diclofop-methyl, and quizalofop-P-ethyl ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
28 Israel2007 Wheat chlorsulfuron, clodinafop-propargyl, florasulam, flumetsulam, glyphosate, imazapyr, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, mesosulfuron-methyl, metosulam, pinoxaden, propoxycarbazone-sodium, sulfometuron-methyl, and tribenuron-methyl Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
Glycines (G/9)
29 Italy2007 Grapes, and Orchards glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
30 Saudi Arabia1992 Cereals, and Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, and tralkoxydim ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
31 South Africa1993 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, imazamox, sethoxydim, and tralkoxydim Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
ALS inhibitors (B/2)
32 South Africa2001 Grapes glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
33 South Africa2002 Fruit, and Grapes paraquat Bipyridiliums (D/22)
34 South Africa2003 Grapes glyphosate, haloxyfop-methyl, paraquat, and tepraloxydim Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
Bipyridiliums (D/22)
Glycines (G/9)
35 Spain1992 Wheat chlorotoluron, and diclofop-methyl Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
Ureas and amides (C2/7)
36 Spain1992 Wheat diclofop-methyl ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
37 Spain1992 Orchards simazine Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)
38 Spain2006 Orchards glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
39 Tunisia1996 Cereals diclofop-methyl ACCase inhibitors (A/1)
40 United States (California) 1998 Almonds glyphosate Glycines (G/9)
41 United States (Georgia) 2009 Wheat mesosulfuron-methyl ALS inhibitors (B/2)
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Cite this site as: Heap, I.  The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds.  Online.  Internet.  Wednesday, June 19, 2013 .  Available  www.weedscience.org
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