International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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HRAC GROUP 1 (LEGACY A) RESISTANT STERILE OAT
(Avena sterilis)


Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

Italy
INTRODUCTION STERILE OAT
Sterile Oat (Avena sterilis) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Italy this weed first evolved resistance to Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides in 1992 and infests Wheat.   Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, diclofop-methyl, pinoxaden, sethoxydim, and tralkoxydim and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated May 01, 2012 )

Common NameSterile Oat
SpeciesAvena sterilis
GroupInhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Herbicidesclodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, diclofop-methyl, pinoxaden, sethoxydim, and tralkoxydim
LocationItaly
Year1992
Situation(s)Wheat
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Alberto Collavo, and Maurizio Sattin 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Maurizio Sattin
South of Italy, especially in Puglia (Apulia)

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CONTROL STRATEGIES

Maurizio Sattin
Integrated weed management by combining the delay of sowing time and herbicide treatments

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CROSS RESISTANCE

Maurizio Sattin
All population resistant to clodinafop-propargyl are also resistant to diclofop-methyl. A few populations show also cross-resistance to tralkoxydim.

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GENERAL

Maurizio Sattin
After the first cases where found and reported in 1992 (Zanin and Lucchin -1995- Agricoltura Mediterranea, 126, 86-104), for a few years no new resistant populations were reported. In the last years several new populations (17) have been proved to be resistant to ACCase inhibitor herbicides. Several population have shown to be cross-resistant to clodinafop-propargyl. In some of the population, 80-100% of the plants survived at a treatment with 850 g/ha a.i. of diclofop-methyl and with 180 g/ha a.i. of clodinafop-propargyl. Most of the resistant populations have come from fields where durum wheat monoculture is practiced ACCase inhibitors have been continuously used for at least 4-5 years.

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RESISTANCE RATIO

Maurizio Sattin
Dose response experiments with two R populations show that the resistance ratio is high (>20) with both diclofop and clodinafop.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, and Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Sterile Oat biotype with this Sterile Oat biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 1 resistant Sterile Oat have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 1 (Legacy A) resistant Sterile Oat from Italy please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

ALBERTO COLLAVO
Post Doc
National Council for Research (CNR)
Institute Of Agro-Environmental And Forest Biology (IBAF)
Viale dell'Univeristà 16
Legnaro, 35020, Padova
Italy
Email Alberto Collavo
Web   : Web Site Link
MAURIZIO SATTIN
Senior Weed Scientist
Italian National Research Council (cnr)
IBAF - Weed Science Unit
Viale dell'Università 16
Legnaro, 35020, Padova
Italy
Email Maurizio Sattin
Web   : Web Site Link

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Italy have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Alberto Collavo, and Maurizio Sattin for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Sterile Oat Globally
(Avena sterilis)
Herbicide Resistant Sterile Oat Globally
(Avena sterilis)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Sterile Oat Globally
(Avena sterilis)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia1989 Canola, Chickpea, Clover, Faba beans, Lentils, Lupins, Peas, and Wheat diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-butyl, and sethoxydim 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat21
2 Australia (New South Wales ) AustraliaNew South Wales 1989 Canola, Chickpea, and Wheat diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-butyl, and sethoxydim 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5029
3 CyprusCyprus 2010 Spring Barley diclofop-methyl 53 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5643
4 FranceFrance 2006 Wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, mesosulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, and pyroxsulam 17 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat9937
5 GreeceGreece 2009 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, pinoxaden, and tralkoxydim 19 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat6740
6 IranIran 2008 Wheat pinoxaden 79 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5378
7 IranIran 2009 Wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, and mesosulfuron-methyl 79 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5376
8 IsraelIsrael 2006 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, and fenoxaprop-ethyl 23 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5300
9 ItalyItaly 1992 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, diclofop-methyl, pinoxaden, sethoxydim, and tralkoxydim 24 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat1128
10 ItalyItaly 2004 Durum wheat clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, mesosulfuron-methyl, and pinoxaden 24 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5632
11 ItalyItaly 2007 Durum wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, and mesosulfuron-methyl 24 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat8908
12 SpainSpain 2023 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, and pinoxaden 38 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat27282
13 TurkeyTurkey 1997 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, and tralkoxydim 71 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5101
14 TurkeyTurkey 2008 clodinafop-propargyl, and pyroxsulam 71 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5402
15 United KingdomUnited Kingdom 1993 Cereals, and Wheat fenoxaprop-ethyl, flamprop-methyl, fluazifop-butyl, imazamethabenz-methyl, iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, mesosulfuron-methyl, and tralkoxydim 44 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Antimicrotubule mitotic disrupter ( HRAC Group 0 (Legacy Z)
29Avena sterilisSterile Oat354
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