General information for Wind bent grass (Apera spica-venti)

The seeds of wind bent grass (Apera spica-venti) become from difference sites from North-East part of Poland and the seeds were collected from field were ACCase inhibitors and ALS inhibitors during last few years was used for control this grass weed and farmer got poor control. During years 2009-2001 samples from 25 fields were collected.   Four replication greenhouse trials comparing with known susceptible Wind Bentgrass with collected samples was done. For testing the samples two types of experiments were used.

At first experiment in one dose of 4 herbicides with difference mode of action were applied. Two and 4 weeks after application visual assessment were done. With 3 selected  populations (biotypes)  second type of experiments were done.  At this trials  fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, pinoxaden and chlorsulfuron, suylfosulfuron, and sulfometuron each in 6 deference dose were used, (low and high dose). And 4 weeks after treatment, the plants were cut at the soil surface and their fresh weight was determined. The obtained results were expressed to percent of control to untreated. The susceptible biotype (S) as standard was used. The results was used for calculation to define of effecting dose for calculation the ratio and  ED50 for resistance and susceptible population, and for resistance index calculation.  For each treatment four pot were used as four replication. Statistical analysis of date from greenhouse experiments was performed.  

Confirmation Test. Greenhouse and field  trials comparing a known susceptible wind Bent grass biotype with these wind Bent grass biotypes have been used to confirm resistance.

Mechanism of Resistance. for two biotypes is target site resistant for ALS inhibitors. Mechanism of resistance for ACCase inhibitors is unknown.

Relative Fitness. There is no done.

III. The obtained results were publishing:

Adamczewski K., Matysiak K. 2012. The mechanism of resistance to ALS-inhibitors herbicides of wind bent grass (Apera spica venti L.) with cross and multiple resistance. Polish Journal of Agronomy, No 10, 2012: 3–8.