INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

HRAC GROUP 34 (LEGACY F3) RESISTANT PROSTRATE KNOTWEED
(Polygonum aviculare)


Inhibition of Lycopene Cyclase HRAC Group 34 (Legacy F3)

Belgium, East Flanders
INTRODUCTION PROSTRATE KNOTWEED
Prostrate Knotweed (Polygonum aviculare) is a dicot weed in the Polygonaceae family.  In Belgium this weed first evolved resistance to Group 34 (Legacy F3) herbicides in 1984 and infests Apples.   Group 34 (Legacy F3) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Lycopene Cyclase (Inhibition of Lycopene Cyclase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to amitrole and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 34 (Legacy F3) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Sep 15, 2000 )

Common NameProstrate Knotweed
SpeciesPolygonum aviculare
GroupInhibition of Lycopene Cyclase HRAC Group 34 (Legacy F3)
Herbicidesamitrole
LocationBelgium, East Flanders
Year1984
Situation(s)Apples
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Robert Bulcke 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Robert Bulcke
Resistant biotype occurred only in one long-term field experiment in apple orchard at Melle (East Flanders province)until 1995 when the experiment came to an end.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Prostrate Knotweed biotype with this Prostrate Knotweed biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 34 resistant Prostrate Knotweed have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 34 (Legacy F3) resistant Prostrate Knotweed from Belgium please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

ROBERT BULCKE
University Gent
Lab. Of Herbology - U. G.

Plant Div
635 Capitol St NE, Weed Control Program
Gent, B-9000
Belgium
Email Robert Bulcke

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Belgium have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Robert Bulcke for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Prostrate Knotweed Globally
(Polygonum aviculare)
Herbicide Resistant Prostrate Knotweed Globally
(Polygonum aviculare)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Prostrate Knotweed Globally
(Polygonum aviculare)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 BelgiumBelgium 1984 Apples amitrole 3 Inhibition of Lycopene Cyclase ( HRAC Group 34 (Legacy F3)
131Polygonum aviculareProstrate Knotweed40
2 NetherlandsNetherlands 1987 Corn (maize), and Cropland atrazine 43 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
131Polygonum aviculareProstrate Knotweed293
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