<b>HRAC Group 22</b> <font size='2'> (Legacy D) </font> resistant Gamochaeta pensylvanica from Japan

International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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Wednesday, April 17, 2024

HRAC GROUP 22 (LEGACY D) RESISTANT PENNSYLVANIA EVERLASTING
(Gamochaeta pensylvanica)

PS I Electron Diversion HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)

Japan, Kanagawa

INTRODUCTION		PENNSYLVANIA EVERLASTING
Pennsylvania Everlasting (Gamochaeta pensylvanica) is a dicot weed in the Asteraceae family. In Japan this weed first evolved resistance to Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides in 1991 and infests Mulberry. Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides are known as PS I Electron Diversion (PSI Electron Diversion ). Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to paraquat and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides. The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS (last updated Jun 08, 2015 )
Common Name	Pennsylvania Everlasting
Species	Gamochaeta pensylvanica
Group	PS I Electron Diversion HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
Herbicides	paraquat
Location	Japan, Kanagawa
Year	1991
Situation(s)	Mulberry
Contributors - (Alphabetically)	Satoshi Iwakami, and Akira Uchino
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Pennsylvania Everlasting biotype with this Pennsylvania Everlasting biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.

Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 22 resistant Pennsylvania Everlasting have not been reported to the site. There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature

Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.

Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes. If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 22 (Legacy D) resistant Pennsylvania Everlasting from Japan please update the database.

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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

SATOSHI IWAKAMI

Weed Scientist University of Tsukuba Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences 1-1-1 Tennoudai Tsukuba, 305-8577, Ibaraki Japan Email Satoshi Iwakami

AKIRA UCHINO

Weed Scientist NARO Agricultural Research Center Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences 3-1-1 Kannondai Tsukuba, 305-8666, Ibaraki Japan Email Akira Uchino

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Japan have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Satoshi Iwakami, and Akira Uchino for providing detailed information.

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Herbicide Resistant Pennsylvania Everlasting Globally
(Gamochaeta pensylvanica)

Country

FirstYear

Situation

Active Ingredients

Site of Action

Australia (Queensland)

2015

Sugarcane for sugar, and Vegetables

paraquat

PS I Electron Diversion ( HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)

Japan

1991

Mulberry

paraquat

PS I Electron Diversion ( HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)

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