<b>HRAC Group 1</b> <font size='2'> (Legacy A) </font> resistant Lolium persicum from United States, Montana

INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

HRAC GROUP 1 (LEGACY A) RESISTANT PERSIAN DARNEL
(Lolium persicum)

Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

United States, Montana

INTRODUCTION		PERSIAN DARNEL
Persian Darnel (Lolium persicum) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family. In Montana this weed first evolved resistance to Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides in 1993 and infests Wheat. Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ). Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to diclofop-methyl and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides. The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS (last updated Sep 15, 2000 )
Common Name	Persian Darnel
Species	Lolium persicum
Group	Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Herbicides	diclofop-methyl
Location	United States, Montana
Year	1993
Situation(s)	Wheat
Contributors - (Alphabetically)	Alvin Bussan
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

GENERAL

Alvin Bussan

Not resistant to sethoxydim. Only resistant to the cereal selective ACCase inhibitors. Need to rotate out of cereals and use sethoxydim and quizalofop but resistance to these herbicides may soon follow.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Persian Darnel biotype with this Persian Darnel biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.

Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 1 resistant Persian Darnel have not been reported to the site. There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature

Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.

Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes. If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 1 (Legacy A) resistant Persian Darnel from Montana please update the database.

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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

ALVIN BUSSAN

Montana State University 747 Ridgemark Drive Bozeman, 59717-3120, Montana United States Email Alvin Bussan

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Montana have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Alvin Bussan for providing detailed information.

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Herbicide Resistant Persian Darnel Globally
(Lolium persicum)

Country

FirstYear

Situation

Active Ingredients

Site of Action

Canada (Saskatchewan)

2004

Spring Barley

tralkoxydim

Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

Canada (Alberta)

2009

Spring Barley, and Wheat

fenoxaprop-ethyl, pinoxaden, and tralkoxydim

Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

United States (Montana)

1993

Wheat

diclofop-methyl

Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

Literature about Similar Cases

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Hunter, J. H.. 1995. Control of Persian darnel (Lolium persicum) and other grasses with clethodim. Weed Technology 9 : 432 - 439.

The response of Persian darnel, green foxtail (Setaria viridis), wild oat (Avena fatua) and volunteer cereals to clethodim applied at two growth stages, and the effect of these treatments on flax yield and quality were determined in a series of field experiments near Regina, Saskatchewan, in which each weed species was evaluated separately. Clethodim applied at 45 g/ha provided excellent control of Persian darnel, green foxtail, wild oat, and volunteer wheat and barley. Sethoxydim applied at 150 g/ha provided excellent control of Persian darnel, green foxtail, wild oat and volunteer barley. Flax was tolerant at five times the recommended rate of application and was unaffected by plant growth stage at the time of application. When applied at an early (2- to 3-leaf) stage, control of Persian darnel, green foxtail, wild oat, and volunteer wheat and barley was excellent at 20 g/ha. Except for Persian darnel, weed control (as determined by reduction in plant dry weight) was negatively affected by growth stage at the time of application. Although visible control and reduction in plant dry weight were somewhat less when clethodim was applied at the 4- to 5-leaf stage, control of each weed species was acceptable. When the weight of water in plant tissue (fresh weight - dry weight) was used as a measure of living plant tissue, wild oat and volunteer barley control were unaffected by growth stage at the time of application..

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