<b>HRAC Group 5</b> <font size='2'> (Legacy C1 C2) </font> resistant Plantago lagopus from Israel

INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

HRAC GROUP 5 (LEGACY C1 C2) RESISTANT HARE'S FOOT PLANTAIN
(Plantago lagopus)

PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)

Israel

INTRODUCTION		HARE'S FOOT PLANTAIN
Hare's Foot Plantain (Plantago lagopus) is a dicot weed in the Plantaginaceae family. In Israel this weed first evolved resistance to Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides in 1992 and infests Orchards, and Roadsides. Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides are known as PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (Inhbition of Photosynthesis at PSll - Serine 264 Binders ). Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to atrazine, and simazine and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides. The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS (last updated Sep 15, 2000 )
Common Name	Hare's Foot Plantain
Species	Plantago lagopus
Group	PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
Herbicides	atrazine, and simazine
Location	Israel
Year	1992
Situation(s)	Orchards, and Roadsides
Contributors - (Alphabetically)	Baruch Rubin
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Baruch Rubin

All over country.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Hare's Foot Plantain biotype with this Hare's Foot Plantain biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.

Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 5 resistant Hare's Foot Plantain have not been reported to the site. There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature

Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.

Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes. If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) resistant Hare's Foot Plantain from Israel please update the database.

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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

BARUCH RUBIN

Professor Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Inst. Plant Sci. & Genetics In Agriculture Faculty Of Agric. Food & Environm. Rehovot, 76100, Israel Israel Email Baruch Rubin

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Israel have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Baruch Rubin for providing detailed information.

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Herbicide Resistant Hare's Foot Plantain Globally
(Plantago lagopus)

Country

FirstYear

Situation

Active Ingredients

Site of Action

Israel

1992

Orchards, and Roadsides

atrazine, and simazine

PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)

Literature about Similar Cases

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Lior, E. ; Sibony, M. ; Kigel, J. ; Rubin, B.. 2000. Polymorphism in the resistance of Plantago lagopus to herbicides. Weed Research (Oxford) 40 : 457 - 466.

Seeds from populations of Plantago lagopus were collected from six sites in Israel with different histories of previous herbicide use. Tlamim (T) and Bilu (B) had been treated previously with simazine and bromacil; Naan (N) with sulfometuron and diuron; Dvir (D) with diuron; and Givat Brenner (G) and Rehovot (F) were populations collected in non-cultivated fields that had no history of previous herbicide use. Based on whole-plant response to post-emergence herbicide sprays, isolated chloroplasts and fluorescence studies with excised leaves, it was evident that the T and B populations were triazine-resistant. The D population was the most resistant to diuron, G was the most sensitive, whereas B and N populations were intermediate. The N population was the only one that exhibited resistance to ALS inhibitors both at the whole plant and enzyme level. These data demonstrate the polymorphic nature of P. lagopus showing that resistance to different herbicides has evolved according to the selection pressure imposed by repeated herbicide applications..

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